- FID Nahost at the University of Halle, Germany provides a search tool that allows for using Arabic script. All ressources are available for people affiliated to German universities. The online ressources are generally available to everyone inside Germany.
- FID Nahost also buys licenses to other databases. These change occasionally, but currently include the Al Manhal Islamic Studies E-Book Collection. It is available to all scientists with residence in Germany and relevant research interests.
- Archive.org also collects some relevant documents, but is at times tricky to search.
- HMML has been collecting manuscripts since the 1960s and has digitized and made available thousands of manuscripts.
Investigating Philosophies of Language in the Middle East.